MPC Backends

Stoffel separates application code from the MPC protocol used to run it. The selected backend determines how secret values are shared, computed over, and reconstructed across MPC parties. Stoffel currently supports two asynchronous, robust MPC backend families:

Backend	Selector	Use when	Main design lens
HoneyBadgerMPC	`honeybadger`	Your program is mostly private field arithmetic over application values.	Circuit shape: multiplication count, multiplication depth, type choices, reveals, and preprocessing capacity.
AVSS	`avss` or `avss:<curve>`	Your program needs committed scalar shares, public commitments, curve-compatible outputs, or threshold-cryptography building blocks.	Protocol transcript: curve selection, commitments, transcript-to-field boundaries, openings, and verifier-facing artifacts.

Both backends are designed for asynchronous/robust settings: parties do not rely on a fixed network round clock, and the run can tolerate Byzantine parties up to the configured threshold. The backend choice determines which share representation, curve/field, preprocessing, and client I/O path Stoffel records in the bytecode manifest.

mpc-protocols has received an external audit from Zellic. Audit scope matters: validate the specific protocol version, integration code, deployment configuration, and threat model you rely on. Other Stoffel components have also had AI-assisted security review, including tools such as veria.dev. Treat audit and review coverage as component-scoped when evaluating a deployment.

Choose by workload shape

Start from the shape of the secret work, not the name of the application.

MPC privacy flow showing private inputs split into shares, computation across MPC parties, and explicit output reconstruction.

Select AVSS with the default curve:

Campaign-style networked privacy backend diagram showing how clients, the coordinator, preprocessing, and VM parties fit together for MPC execution.

Overview

HoneyBadger is an asynchronous Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) MPC protocol that:

Tolerates malicious parties: Up to t parties can be actively malicious
Works asynchronously: No timing assumptions required
Provides guaranteed output delivery: Honest parties always get results

Security Guarantees

Property	Description
Privacy	No coalition of ≤t parties learns anything about honest inputs
Correctness	Output is always the correct result of the computation
Guaranteed Output	Honest parties always receive their outputs
Fairness	Either all honest parties get output, or none do

Configuration Constraints

The number of parties n and threshold t must satisfy:

n >= 3t + 1

Select AVSS with a specific curve:

[mpc]
backend = "avss:secp256k1"
parties = 5
threshold = 1

You can also keep backend = "avss" and set the curve separately:

[mpc]
backend = "avss"
curve = "p-256"
parties = 5
threshold = 1

Accepted curve names include bls12_381, bn254, curve25519, ed25519, secp256k1, and p-256.

Select a backend from the CLI

# Default field-MPC backend
stoffel build --backend honeybadger --parties 5 --threshold 1

# AVSS default curve
stoffel build --backend avss --parties 5 --threshold 1

# AVSS over an elliptic-curve scalar field
stoffel build --backend avss --field secp256k1 --parties 5 --threshold 1

# Equivalent selector form
stoffel build --backend avss:secp256k1 --parties 5 --threshold 1

stoffel check, stoffel compile, stoffel build, stoffel run, and stoffel dev accept the same backend/field overrides when they compile source or project settings.

Select a backend from Rust

use stoffel::prelude::*;

# fn example() -> stoffel::Result<()> {
let honeybadger = MpcConfig::builder()
    .parties(5)
    .threshold(1)
    .honeybadger()
    .build()?;

let avss = MpcConfig::builder()
    .parties(5)
    .threshold(1)
    .avss(Curve::Secp256k1)
    .build()?;
# Ok(())
# }

On program builders, use .backend(...) or .curve(...):

# use stoffel::prelude::*;
# async fn example() -> stoffel::Result<()> {
let result = Stoffel::load_file("target/debug/threshold-demo.stflb")?
    .parties(5)
    .threshold(1)
    .backend(MpcBackend::Avss { curve: Curve::Secp256k1 })
    .execute_local()
    .await?;
# Ok(())
# }

Generated manifests can carry the bytecode backend and curve into SDK builders, so app code does not need to duplicate backend literals by hand.

Current topology constraints

Stoffel validates local and network MPC configs with the current robust-MPC threshold rule:

parties >= 4 * threshold + 1

That means the common developer default is five parties with threshold one. The reconstruction shape differs by backend:

Backend	Reconstruction shape
HoneyBadgerMPC	Uses robust field-share reconstruction; current SDK summaries report `2 * threshold + 1` reconstruction shares.
AVSS	Uses Feldman-style share reconstruction; current SDK summaries report `threshold + 1` reconstruction shares.

The protocol literature often describes asynchronous Byzantine thresholds in terms of n >= 3t + 1. Stoffel’s current configuration layer enforces the stricter 4t + 1 rule because the implemented local/network path includes preprocessing and robust execution requirements.

Introduction

Getting Started

Tutorials

The Stoffel CLI

Deployment

StoffelLang

Stoffel VM

Architecture

MPC Backends

Choose by workload shape

Overview

Security Guarantees

Configuration Constraints

Select a backend from the CLI

Select a backend from Rust

Current topology constraints

Further reading

​Choose by workload shape

​Overview

​Security Guarantees

​Configuration Constraints

​Select a backend from the CLI

​Select a backend from Rust

​Current topology constraints

​Further reading

Choose by workload shape

Overview

Security Guarantees

Configuration Constraints

Select a backend from the CLI

Select a backend from Rust

Current topology constraints

Further reading