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System Architecture

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Overall System Design

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                        Stoffel Ecosystem                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Developer Interface Layer                                     │
│  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐            │
│  │ Stoffel CLI │  │ Python SDK  │  │   IDEs &    │            │
│  │             │  │             │  │  Editors    │            │
│  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Compilation Layer                                             │
│  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐                             │
│  │ StoffelLang │  │   Bytecode  │                             │
│  │  Compiler   │→ │  Generator  │                             │
│  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘                             │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Execution Layer                                               │
│  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐            │
│  │ StoffelVM   │  │   Runtime   │  │  Standard   │            │
│  │   Core      │  │   System    │  │  Library    │            │
│  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Protocol Layer                                                │
│  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐  ┌─────────────┐            │
│  │ MPC Proto-  │  │  Network    │  │ Crypto      │            │
│  │   cols      │  │   Layer     │  │ Primitives  │            │
│  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘  └─────────────┘            │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

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Component Interactions

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Development Workflow

1. Project Creation: Stoffel CLI creates project structure with templates
2. Code Writing: Developers write StoffelLang programs with MPC primitives
3. Compilation: StoffelLang compiler generates optimized VM bytecode
4. Testing: Local VM execution for development and testing
5. Deployment: MPC network deployment with protocol integration

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Runtime Execution

1. Program Loading: StoffelVM loads compiled bytecode
2. Secret Sharing: Input data is secret-shared across MPC nodes
3. Secure Computation: VM executes with MPC protocol integration
4. Result Reconstruction: Output is reconstructed from secret shares

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Data Flow

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Clear Data Path

• Public inputs and configuration data
• Direct VM register operations
• No cryptographic overhead
• Immediate availability across all nodes

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Secret Data Path

• Private inputs requiring protection
• Automatic secret sharing on input
• MPC protocol operations during computation
• Selective reveal for output reconstruction

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Security Architecture

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Isolation Boundaries

• Process Isolation: Each MPC node runs in isolated environment
• Memory Protection: Clear and secret data separation
• Network Security: Encrypted communication between nodes
• Access Control: Role-based access to computation resources

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Trust Model

• Honest Majority: Assumes majority of nodes are honest
• Semi-Honest Adversary: Protects against passive attacks
• Input Privacy: Individual inputs remain private
• Computation Privacy: Intermediate values are protected

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Scalability Design

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Horizontal Scaling

• Node Addition: Dynamic addition of MPC nodes
• Load Distribution: Computation workload balancing
• Geographic Distribution: Global node deployment support

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Vertical Scaling

• Resource Optimization: Efficient CPU and memory usage
• Parallel Execution: Multi-threaded computation where possible
• Caching Strategies: Optimized data and computation caching

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Integration Points

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External Systems

• Database Integration: Secure querying of external databases
• API Integration: RESTful APIs for system interaction
• Blockchain Integration: Smart contract integration for verification

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Development Tools

• IDE Support: Language server protocol integration
• Debugging Tools: Comprehensive debugging and profiling
• Testing Frameworks: Specialized testing for MPC applications